Paul's Letter to the Philippians

Background

The establishment of the church at Philippi marked the entrance of the gospel into Europe. It happened during Paul’s second missionary journey and is outlined in considerable detail in Acts 16.12-40.

Philippi was a prominent city in the region of Macedonia where Thessalonica was the capital. Philip II of Macedonia established the city and fortified it in 360 BC. In 167 BC it became part of the Roman Empire, but it’s real significance was established in 31 BC. At this time Octavian (later known as Augustus) defeated Antony and Cleopatra at the battle of Actium. Following this victory Octavian established the city as a Roman colony which meant its citizens had bestowed on them a privileged status.

In conferring the ius Italicum, Augustus gave Philippi a privilege by which the whole legal position of the colonists in respect of ownership, transfer of land, payment of taxes, local administration and law, became the same as if they were on Italian soil. As Roman citizens they enjoyed freedom from scourging and arrest and the right of appeal to Caesar.

The Church at Philippi

Paul writes to the Church that he had formerly established (See Acts 16.12ff) while he is in prison in Rome—approx. 61-63 AD. There is debate amongst scholars about the timing and location of this letter’s writing but most favour his Roman imprisonment, and thus a later dating.

It is a letter overflowing with joy but also with undercurrent that time is short. It is a letter written with passion and emotion exhorting his readers to build their lives on the gospel. He thanks them for their support, gives them details of his circumstances, encourages, unity, humility and perseverance.

The word for joy appears in its various forms 16 times in the letter as Paul draws attention to the irrepressible joy that belongs to the Christian alone through their faith in Christ.

It is this joy that is often lacking in our lives today—it should not be! May the study of Paul’s letter to the Philippians set alight the fires of joy in our heart such that it brings fresh vigour to our living and light to others.

Michael Crichton

Irrepressible Joy — Sermons on Philippians

1. Foundational Joy Phil. 1.1-11
2. Aspirational Living Phil. 1.12-18
3. Better Off Dead! Phil. 1.18-30
4. United in Joyful Humility Phil. 2.1-11
5. Grace that Works Phil. 2.12-30
6. The Ring of Confidence Phil. 3.1-11
7. Pushing through Quitting Points Phil. 3.12-4.1
8. The Peace of God & the God of Peace Phil. 4.2-9
9. Joy in All Circumstances Phil. 4.10-23